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Baccarat Game Odds
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Baccarat is a casino game that actually offers fairly
decent odds for players. Playing the game is very simple
because there are only three different wagering options,
and each hand is played out according to a fixed set
of rules. Read more to learn which bet is the best -
you might be surprised.
The Three Types of Bets
Baccarat may seem like a confusingly sophisticated game
to the untrained eye, but it really is quite simple.
The only decision a player makes is whether to put his
or her chips in the area on the table marked "player,"
"banker," or "tie." For specifics
on rules of play, consult the baccarat game rules.
Betting Odds
| Bet |
House Edge |
| Player |
1.36% |
| Banker |
1.17% |
| Tie |
14.4% |
The rules of play in Baccarat have been carefully
constructed to produce a small, yet measurable advantage
for the house for both player and banker bets, and a
steep jump in advantage for tie bets. Complex calculations
are used to determine that the banker will win 50.68%
of all non-tie hands and the player 49.32%. Using $100
worth of bets against these percentages shows that you
can expect to lose $50.68 and win $49.32. The difference
between the two is $1.36, hence a 1.36 house edge against
the "player" bet.
So why then, you might ask, does the banker bet offer
no real house advantage if it wins more than half of
the time at 50.68%? Well, casinos are definitely wise
to this. If they allowed the game to be played while
giving up an edge to players, they would go bankrupt.
Casinos have taken this odds discrepancy into account,
and made adjustments to tilt the advantage back into
their favor by way of a 5% commission on winning banker
bets.
The banker bet odds can be calculated as follows: let's
say you are wagering $100. Taking into account the 5%
commission on winning banker bets, you will win $.95
for ever dollar wagered. Expecting to win 50.68% of
the time, multiply $.95 by 50.68 and you get $48.15.
You still can expect to lose $49.32, and the difference
is $1.17, resulting in a 1.17% house advantage.
Tie bets happen approximately 9.55% of the time, meaning
the true odds of a tie bet are 9.47 to 1. Dividing 9.55
into 100 gives us 10.47 and taking into account the
fact that you will receive your original wager back,
the proper odds are 9.47 to 1. So, winning a tie bet
should have you winding up with $10.47, but instead
you wind up with $9. Dividing the difference, $1.47,
into $10.47 gives the house a 14.4% advantage. You might
be tempted by the 8 to 1 payout, but the odds on this
bet are unfavorable compared to the banker and player
bets. Logic dictates that despite the 5% commission
attached to winning the banker bet, it still offers
the most favorable odds in baccarat, and over time you
can expect to lose less by utilizing this option.
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Blackjack Game Odds
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Understanding the odds will play a large role in becoming
a successful player at the game of Blackjack. It is
one of the only games that is beatable, meaning that
by acquiring the right skills, a player can swing the
advantage into his or her favor.
This is possible for a couple of reasons:
A critical first step is learning how to play Blackjack
using basic strategy. Anyone can do this with a little
practice. By learning to play Blackjack using perfect
basic strategy, you will already reduce the casino's
edge to a mere 0.80% - the second lowest among all table
games - and far better than the odds found at the Roulette
tables and most slot machines.
Blackjack is a dependent variable game, meaning that
as each card is dealt from the deck(s), the odds of
any remaining card - like an Ace or 10 - coming up next
is constantly changing. If you're playing a single deck
game, before any cards have been dealt, you know that
the odds of any Ace being dealt are 4 out of 52. If
the first two cards dealt are both Aces, then there
is only a 2 out of 50 (or 1 in 25) chance that the next
card will be another Ace. Over time, experts have used
computer simulations to determine that high cards like
Aces and Tens are beneficial to the player, and conversely
small cards are good for the dealer. If you are able
to keep track of which cards have left the deck, you
would obviously stand a better chance at knowing which
cards remain, hence which ones are most likely to be
dealt on the very next draw. This is where the house
edge is nullified, and the player begins to build a
small, yet sizable edge over the house. Such is the
advantage of becoming a skilled blackjack player.
Adjustments in Strategy
Once you have learned basic strategy, and then how to
track the count while playing, the next step is to vary
your playing strategy to account for the current game
odds at any given moment. If you know that the deck
is loaded with face cards, you might not want to hit
that 12 against the dealer's up card of 10, knowing
that their is an increased likelihood that you will
bust. If the deck has lots of tens, you may decide to
risk doubling on 11 against a dealer's Ace, even though
basic strategy says not to. It is small modifications
in play that will cut into the house's edge and put
those percentage points on your side.
Other variations in play include changing your betting
level. If the odds favor the player, bet bigger. If
they favor the dealer, bet smaller. This is common knowledge,
but mastering the art of knowing when and how to bet
is a key factor in becoming a skilled player. Something
to keep in mind is that while adjusting your bets according
to the odds at any given time, do so in a reasonable
manner. This means avoiding the rapid escalation of
bets when the odds shift into your favor. Regardless
of whether you're playing at the Trump Plaza in AC,
or at your favorite online casino, chances are that
if you jump from $10 a hand to $100 a hand, someone
will notice. Pit personnel are trained to watch out
for exactly this sort of thing, so you will need to
disguise your betting. If the odds are in your favor
and you win a hand, double your next bet, or raise it
by one unit. This is a very natural betting pattern
that any player might use, and much less likely to draw
unwanted attention. I will also note that many online
casinos use software whose mathematical algorithms are
programmed to detect wild swings in betting. So, since
there is no pit boss to give you the boot at your own
computer, the odds of many blackjack games at online
casinos do not favor the player when making a large
escalation in bet from one hand to the next. Stick with
a similar raising strategy to what you'd use at a land
casino, and you will be better off.
Event Frequency
Event |
Odds (% of hands)
|
Player win |
44% |
Dealer win |
48% |
Tie (push) |
8% |
Player Blackjack |
5% |
Dealer Blackjack |
5% |
Dealer Blackjack with
Ace showing |
32% |
Player bust on 16 |
61% |
Player bust on 15 |
59% |
Player bust on 14 |
56% |
Player bust on 13 |
52% |
Player bust on 12 |
48% |
Another important factor in blackjack mastery is knowing
how often certain events occur. Maybe you've wondered
how often blackjacks come up, or what the win/loss/tie
breakdown is between players and the house. On average,
a player will win 44% of the time, the dealer 48% and
8% of hands will result in a tie. With these odds, you
might logically deduce that a player will lose more
money than he or she will win. However, you must also
take into account the built-in player advantages that
Blackjack offers like doubling down, splitting, and
the fact that blackjack pays out at 3 to 2. While you
will likely end up losing more hands than you win, you
should just about break even monetarily, because you
win more when you do win. If you win a double down,
you get twice what you would expect than for winning
only one hand, but it still counts as a single win for
the player. Also, if the dealer gets a blackjack, you
lose only your initial bet, instead of 1 1/2 times the
bet, which is what a player wins by getting a Blackjack.
The chart above shows us that both the player and the
dealer can expect a blackjack at a rate of 1 out of
every 20 hands, or 5% of the time. An important thing
to remember is that when a dealer shows an Ace, odds
are that he or she will make a blackjack 32% of the
time, meaning there won't be one the other 68% of the
time. If the dealer has an Ace showing, you will be
asked if you would like to take the Insurance bet, which
pays 2 to 1. Since the dealer will not have a blackjack
68% of the time, that's about how often you can expect
to lose this bet, thus reinforcing why basic strategy
says never to take the insurance bet. So when should
you take the insurance bet? Only when you're an expert
card counter, and the plus count is sky high, letting
you know that the odds are actually in favor of the
dealer having a ten card under that Ace. Even then,
it is still a risky proposition, so, as wise guys say: "fuhgeddaboudit."
House Rules' effect on Odds
Rule |
Effect on Player |
Dealer wins ties |
-9.00% |
Eight Decks |
-0.55% |
Six Decks |
-0.52% |
Four Decks |
-0.48% |
Two Decks |
-0.31% |
Double only on 10, 11 |
-0.26% |
Dealer hits soft 17s |
-0.20% |
No dealer hole card |
-0.11% |
No resplitting pairs |
-0.03% |
Late Surrender |
+0.02% |
Double after splits |
+0.14% |
Double on 3 or more cards |
+0.24% |
Resplit Aces |
+0.32% |
Early Surrender |
+0.62% |
If you've played Blackjack in more
than one location, odds are the rules of the game had
slight variations. Las Vegas Strip rules are different
from Downtown Vegas rules which are different from Atlantic
City rules which are different from Gulf Coast Mississippi
rules and so on. So why is there no international standard
for Blackjack table rules? Basically, casinos like to
be able to make small changes in their games to either
attract or detract certain types of players. While probably
more than half of the tourists and other recreational
players only bother to look or inquire about a game's
rules as far as the table minimum, smart players know
that particular rules have direct relationships on the
player's edge. Certain rules impact the edge favorably
for players, others add to the house advantage. Looking
for a game that has good rules is another important
factor in improving your odds.
The chart shows us what percentage (positive or negative)
different rule variations commonly found at today's
casinos will have on a player. Starting at the top,
definitely avoid all games where the dealer wins ties.
This gives the house a big edge. Next, the lower the
number of decks being used, the better the odds for
players. Regardless of whether you're playing basic
strategy, counting cards, or just guessing, single and
double deck games give you better odds of winning. When
you play multiple deck games dealt from a shoe, a blank
card (usually colored red or yellow) will be inserted
towards the end of the stack. All cards up to this card
will be dealt during the game. Once the card is reached,
it is time to shuffle. Depending on where the card is
placed, the odds will improve or decrease for players.
This is known as "penetration." Closer to
the end of the stack (deeper penetration) is good for
players because more cards will come out of the shoe
during a game, meaning you have greater chances at predicting
the remaining cards as the game progresses. Shallow
penetration is bad for the player for the opposite reason.
If the marker card is put only halfway into the stack,
the odds of predicting what will be drawn next is greatly
reduced. Taking it a step further, by playing single
and double deck games, you can eliminate this scenario
almost entirely as all the cards are usually dealt out.
Going back to the chart, you can see that being able
to double on only 10 and 11 has a negative effect for
the player, while being able to double on 3 or more
cards and doubling after splits has a positive effect.
Look for games where the dealer stand on all 17s - they're
pretty common in the United States. Avoid games where
the dealer does not take a second card until after the
players are done. While surrender has a positive effect
for players, it is rarely found these days, and even
more rarely utilized properly. For more information
on surrender, see our Blackjack FAQ. Lastly, try to
find games where you are allowed to resplit aces. Most
games give you but a single card on each Ace when you
split them, and do not allow resplitting of Aces. If
you get an Ace on top of your split Ace, naturally you
would want to split again, rather than stand on a 12,
so this rule can have a big impact on player odds.
Summary
Blackjack is a fun and exciting game with players largely
because it is beatable. Become a skilled player and
the odds will shift into your favor, giving you a positive
expectation of winning. This means that over time, playing
Blackjack will result in you gaining money instead of
losing it. Understanding basic strategy and counting
techniques are integral to your success, but also having
good betting strategy and knowing how rules impact the
odds is equally important. Little things like these
help players. Be sure to at least learn basic strategy,
and then you will probably be better than 80% of all
blackjack players worldwide. All it takes is a little
practice.
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